巴氨西林
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巴氨西林(氨苄西林甲戊酯)
Bacampicillin
(Carampicillin,Albaxin, Ambaxin)
本品口服后在体内水解生成氨苄西林。本药的抗菌谱同氨苄西林。在胃肠道吸收较氨苄西林更快而完全，口服30～60分钟即可达到血峰浓度。其血药浓度约相当于同量氨苄西林口服量的2倍。本品吸收不受食物影响，约75%在8小时内以氨苄西林自尿中排出。临床应用同氨苄西林。剂量，口服，0.4g～0.8g/次，2～3次/日；儿童，超过5岁，0.2g/次，3次/日。
通用名称：巴氨西林
英文名称：Bacampicillin
中文别名：氨苄青霉素甲戊酯、氨苄青霉素碳酯、氨苄西林甲戊酯、巴卡西林、注射用盐酸巴卡西林
英文别名：Albaxin、Ambaxin、Carampicillin
【适应症】
1.Bacampicillin is an antibiotic in the class of drugs called penicillins. It fights bacteria in your body.
2.Bacampicillin is used to treat many different types of infections, such as tonsillitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, and infections of the skin.
3.Bacampicillin may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
【用法用量】
1.Take bacampicillin exactly as directed by your doctor. If you do not understand these instructions, ask your pharmacist, nurse, or doctor to explain them to you.
2.Take each dose with a full glass of water.
3.Bacampicillin can be taken with or without food.
4.Bacampicillin should be taken at evenly spaced intervals throughout the day and night to keep the medicine level in your blood high enough to treat the infection.
5.Take all of the bacampicillin that has been prescribed for you even if you begin to feel better. Your symptoms may start to improve before the infection is completely treated.
6.Store the tablets at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
【注意事项】
1.Take all of the bacampicillin that has been prescribed for you even if you begin to feel better. Your symptoms may begin to improve before the infection is completely treated.
2.Bacampicillin may decrease the effectiveness of birth control pills. Use a second method of birth control while taking bacampicillin to protect against pregnancy.
If Miss a Dose: 1.Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the dose you missed and take only your next regularly scheduled dose. Do not take a double dose of this medication unless otherwise directed by your doctor.
2.If you have only missed one dose, you can take the rest of your scheduled doses for the day at evenly spaced intervals.
Contraindications: 1.If you have ever had an allergic reaction to another penicillin or to a cephalosporin, do not take bacampicillin unless your doctor is aware of your allergy and monitors your therapy.
2.Before taking this medication, tell your doctor if you have kidney disease, stomach or intestinal disease, or infectious mononucleosis. You may not be able to take bacampicillin because of an increased risk of side effects.
3.If you are a diabetic, some glucose urine tests may give false positive results while you are taking bacampicillin.
4.Bacampicillin is in the FDA pregnancy category B. This means that it is unlikely to harm an unborn baby. Do not, however, take bacampicillin without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant.
5.Bacampicillin passes into breast milk. Rarely, bacampicillin may cause a yeast infection, diarrhea, or allergic reaction in a nursing infant, although no serious harm is expected. Do not take this medication without first talking to your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.
Special Concerns: 1.Alcohol may irritate your stomach if taken with bacampicillin, so use it with moderation.
【不良反应】
1.If you experience any of the following serious side effects, stop taking bacampicillin and seek emergency medical attention:
- an allergic reaction (shortness of breath; closing of your throat; hives; swelling of your lips, face, or tongue; rash; or fainting);
- seizures;
- severe watery diarrhea and abdominal cramps; or
- unusual bleeding or bruising.
2.Other, less serious side effects may be more likely to occur. Continue to take bacampicillin and talk to your doctor if you experience
- mild nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal pain;
- white patches on the tongue (thrush/yeast infection);
- itching or discharge of the vagina (vaginal yeast infection); or
- black, "hairy" tongue or sore mouth or tongue.
3.Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.
【相互作用】
1.Some drugs may decrease the effects of bacampicillin and prevent it from properly treating your infection. Before taking bacampicillin, tell your doctor if you are taking any of the following drugs:
- cholestyramine (Questran) or colestipol (Colestid); or
- another antibiotic (for the same or for a different infection) such as erythromycin (Ery-Tab, E-Mycin, E.E.S., others), tetracycline (Sumycin, others), minocycline (Minocin), doxycycline (Doryx, Vibramycin, others), or any other antibiotic.
2.Bacampicillin may decrease the effectiveness of birth control pills. Use a second method of birth control while taking bacampicillin to protect against pregnancy.
3.Bacampicillin increases the effects of methotrexate, and you may need a dosage adjustment during therapy with bacampicillin.
4.Bacampicillin also increases the side effects of allopurinol (Zyloprim) and may cause a rash.
5.Probenecid (Benemid) increases the effects of bacampicillin. These drugs may be used together for this purpose; however, be sure your doctor is aware if you are taking probenecid. You may need a lower dose of bacampicillin.
6.Drugs other than those listed here may also interact with bacampicillin. Talk to your doctor and pharmacist before taking any prescription or over-the-counter medicines.
【药物过量】
1.Seek emergency medical attention.
2.Symptoms of an bacampicillin overdose include muscle spasms or weakness, pain or twitching, pain in the fingers or toes, loss of feeling in the fingers or toes, seizures, confusion, coma, and agitation.
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